The original Smith & Wesson M&P grew out of the Hand Ejector line of revolvers that began in the 19th century. The idea was to have a rugged, ready-to-shoot, quick to reload, reliable and easy to carry defensive weapon for military personnel and peace officers. Over the intervening century or so of use, the original M&P and variants have filled military and police roles in America and around the world.

While it was well known in its .38 Special chambering, it was also made up in .357 Magnum and a larger copy was made up in .41 Magnum, the Model 58.